{"id":4958,"date":"2013-07-22T00:36:53","date_gmt":"2013-07-21T21:36:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/?p=4958"},"modified":"2013-07-26T01:36:14","modified_gmt":"2013-07-25T22:36:14","slug":"linux-isletim-sistemlerinde-makine-ismi-ip-adresi-ag-gecidi-vb-yapilandirmasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/?p=4958","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u0130\u015fletim Sistemlerinde Makine \u0130smi, IP Adresi, A\u011f Ge\u00e7idi vb. Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"LinuxAll\"<\/a>Bu makalemizde “Linux \u0130\u015fletim Sistemlerinde Makine \u0130smi, IP Adresi, A\u011f Ge\u00e7idi vb. Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131” konusunu inceleyce\u011fiz. Basit olarak Linux i\u015fletim sistemli bir bilgisayarda makine ismi (hostname) de\u011fi\u015ftirme, IP Adresi atama ve de\u011fi\u015ftirme, DNS Sunucu adresleri ekleme ve de\u011fi\u015ftirme vb. i\u015flemlerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirece\u011fiz. Bu makalemizdeki i\u015flemleri “CentOS Linux”<\/a> i\u015fletim sistemli bir bilgisayarda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirece\u011fiz. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki i\u015flemler Red Hat t\u00fcrevi Linux i\u015fletim sistemlerinde ayn\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Sunucumuzda makine ismi (hostname) de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ad\u0131mlar\u0131 uygulamal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/span><\/p>\n

-- Sunucumuzda makine ismini (hostname) sorguluyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# hostname<\/span>\r\nkoraykey-lnx.localdomain<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Sunucumuzda yeni makine ismini at\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# hostname koraykey-cnt.koraykey.net<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fin kal\u0131c\u0131 olabilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli d\u00fczenlemeleri yap\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# vim \/etc\/sysconfig\/network<\/span>\r\n\r\nNETWORKING=yes<\/span>\r\nHOSTNAME=koraykey-cnt.koraykey.net<\/span>\r\nGATEWAY=192.168.2.254<\/span>\r\n\r\n# vim \/etc\/hosts<\/span>\r\n\r\n127.0.0.1       localhost.koraykey.net        localhost<\/span>\r\n192.168.2.121   koraykey-cnt.koraykey.net     koraykey-cnt\r\n<\/span>\r\n-- Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin ge\u00e7erli olabilmesi i\u00e7in sunucumuzu yeniden \r\nba\u015flat\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# shutdown -r now<\/span><\/pre>\n
2. Sunucumuzda IP Adresimizi, A\u011f Ge\u00e7idimizi, DNS Adreslerimizi vb. de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ad\u0131mlar\u0131 uygulamal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/span><\/p>\n
-- Sunucumuzda mevcut olan a\u011f kartlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 sorgulamak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu<\/span>\r\nkullanabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# ifconfig<\/span>\r\n\r\neth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:0C:29:11:1B:75  <\/span>\r\n          inet addr:192.168.2.210  Bcast:192.168.2.255  Mask:255.255.255.0<\/span>\r\n          inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe11:1b75\/64 Scope:Link<\/span>\r\n          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1<\/span>\r\n          RX packets:582 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0<\/span>\r\n          TX packets:73 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0<\/span>\r\n          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 <\/span>\r\n          RX bytes:45964 (44.8 KiB)  TX bytes:8060 (7.8 KiB)<\/span>\r\n\r\nlo        Link encap:Local Loopback  <\/span>\r\n          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0<\/span>\r\n          inet6 addr: ::1\/128 Scope:Host<\/span>\r\n          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1<\/span>\r\n          RX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0<\/span>\r\n          TX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0<\/span>\r\n          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 <\/span>\r\n          RX bytes:240 (240.0 b)  TX bytes:240 (240.0 b)<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Sunucumuzda \"eth1\" isimli a\u011f kart\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n mevcut oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/span>\r\nBu kart\u0131m\u0131za IP Adresi atamak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki i\u015flemleri yapmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/span>\r\nBurada \"ifcfg-eth1\" d\u00fczenleyece\u011fimiz a\u011f kart\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ad\u0131d\u0131r. Sistemimizde<\/span>\r\nfarkl\u0131 bir isimle olabilir buna g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlememiz gerekmektedir.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# vim \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth1<\/span>\r\n\r\nHWADDR=00:0C:29:11:1B:75<\/span>\r\nNAME=eth1<\/span>\r\nTYPE=Ethernet<\/span>\r\nBOOTPROTO=none<\/span>\r\nIPADDR=192.168.2.121<\/span>\r\nPREFIX=24<\/span>\r\nGATEWAY=192.168.2.254<\/span>\r\nDNS1=192.168.2.1<\/span>\r\nDOMAIN=koraykey.net<\/span>\r\nDEFROUTE=yes<\/span>\r\nIPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=yes<\/span>\r\nIPV6INIT=no<\/span>\r\nUUID=d4b46489-fb88-41e5-a732-3c20f94dbd74<\/span>\r\nONBOOT=yes<\/span>\r\nLAST_CONNECT=1374405462<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Sunucumuzda d\u00fczenleyebilece\u011fimiz a\u011f kartlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 bu dizinde<\/span>\r\ntutulmaktad\u0131r. Burada kartlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 sorgulay\u0131p istedi\u011fimiz \"interface\" \u00fczerinde<\/span>\r\nde\u011fi\u015fiklik yapabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# ls -l \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/<\/span>\r\n\r\n-rw-r--r--  1 root root   276 Jul 21 14:19 ifcfg-eth1<\/span>\r\n-rw-r--r--. 1 root root   254 Jan  9  2013 ifcfg-lo<\/span>\r\n.<\/span>\r\n.<\/span>\r\n.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Sunucumuzda varsay\u0131lan a\u011f ge\u00e7idini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak i\u015flemleri<\/span>\r\nuyguluyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# vim \/etc\/sysconfig\/network<\/span>\r\n\r\nGATEWAY=192.168.2.1<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- DNS sunucu adreslerimizi d\u00fczenlemek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki i\u015flemleri uyguluyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# vim \/etc\/resolv.conf<\/span>\r\n\r\nsearch koraykey.net<\/span>\r\nnameserver 192.168.2.1<\/span>\r\nnameserver 8.8.8.8<\/span>\r\nnameserver 8.8.4.4<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fumuz ayarlar\u0131n hemen ge\u00e7erli olabilmesi i\u00e7in a\u011f servisimizi<\/span>\r\nyeniden ba\u015flat\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# service network restart<\/span>\r\n\r\nShutting down interface eth1: \t\t[  OK  ]<\/span>\r\nShutting down loopback interface: \t[  OK  ]<\/span>\r\nBringing up loopback interface: \t[  OK  ]<\/span>\r\nBringing up interface eth1:\t\t[  OK  ]<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Ayarlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in istersek sistemimizi yeniden ba\u015flatabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# shutdown -r now<\/span><\/pre>\n
3. Sunucumuzda bir a\u011f kart\u0131na birden fazla IP Adresi atamak istiyorsak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ad\u0131mlar\u0131 izlemeliyiz.<\/span><\/p>\n
-- Sunucumuzda ikinci IP Adresi atayaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kart\u0131m\u0131za sanal \"interface\" ekliyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# ifconfig eth1:0 192.168.2.130 netmask 255.255.255.0 up<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Atam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fumuz ikinci IP Adresini kontrol ediyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# ping -c 3 192.168.2.130<\/span>\r\n\r\nPING 192.168.2.130 (192.168.2.130) 56(84) bytes of data.<\/span>\r\n64 bytes from 192.168.2.130: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.074 ms<\/span>\r\n64 bytes from 192.168.2.130: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.027 ms<\/span>\r\n64 bytes from 192.168.2.130: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.032 ms<\/span>\r\n\r\n--- 192.168.2.130 ping statistics ---<\/span>\r\n3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2028ms<\/span>\r\nrtt min\/avg\/max\/mdev = 0.027\/0.044\/0.074\/0.021 ms<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fumuz ayarlar\u0131n kal\u0131c\u0131 olabilmesi i\u00e7in yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyam\u0131z\u0131\r\nolu\u015fturuyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# cp \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth1 \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth1:0<\/span>\r\n\r\n# vim \/etc\/sysconfig\/network-scripts\/ifcfg-eth1:0<\/span>\r\n\r\nHWADDR=00:0C:29:11:1B:75<\/span>\r\nNAME=eth1:0<\/span>\r\nTYPE=Ethernet<\/span>\r\nBOOTPROTO=none<\/span>\r\nIPADDR=192.168.2.130<\/span>\r\nPREFIX=24<\/span>\r\nONBOOT=yes<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Olu\u015fturdu\u011fumuz sanal \"interface\" kapat\u0131p a\u00e7\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# ifdown ifcfg-eth1:0<\/span>\r\n# ifup ifcfg-eth1:0<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fumuz ayarlar\u0131n hemen ge\u00e7erli olabilmesi i\u00e7in a\u011f servisimizi<\/span>\r\nyeniden ba\u015flat\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# service network restart<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Ayarlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in istersek sistemimizi yeniden ba\u015flatabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# shutdown -r now<\/span><\/pre>\n
4. Sunucumuzda “route table” y\u00f6nlendirme tablosunu ile ilgili i\u015flemleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ad\u0131mlar\u0131 izleyerek yapabiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n
-- Sunucumuzda \"route table\" y\u00f6nlendirme tablosunu g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclemek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki\r\nkomutu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# route<\/span>\r\nKernel IP routing table<\/span>\r\nDestination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface<\/span>\r\ndefault         192.168.2.1     0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth1<\/span>\r\nlink-local      *               255.255.0.0     U     1002   0        0 eth1<\/span>\r\n192.168.2.0     *               255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth1<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Sunucumuzda varsay\u0131lan a\u011f ge\u00e7idi atamak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# route add default gw 192.168.2.1 eth1<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Bu i\u015flemin kal\u0131c\u0131 olmas\u0131 ve her a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015fta default gateway adresini girmemek i\u00e7in\r\na\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki <\/span>i\u015flemleri yapmam\u0131z yeterli olacakt\u0131r.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# vim \/etc\/sysconfig\/network<\/span>\r\n\r\nGATEWAY=192.168.2.1<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Sunucumuzda statik y\u00f6nlendirme (static route) i\u015flemi i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutlar\u0131\r\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 gw 192.168.2.1 dev eth1<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Sunucumuzda statik y\u00f6nlendirme (static route) i\u015flemini kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki\r\nkomutlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# route del -net 192.168.2.121 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.2.1 dev eth1<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Sunucumuzda iki de\u011fi\u015fik statik y\u00f6nlendirme (static route) i\u015flemi i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki\r\nkomutlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u00d6rnek;<\/span>\r\n\r\nInternet \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f router IP adres (Gateway) \t: 192.168.2.1<\/span>\r\n\r\n\u015eirket i\u00e7i \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f router IP adres (Gateway) \t: 192.168.2.254<\/span>\r\n\r\n# route add -net 0.0.0.0 netmask 0.0.0.0 gw 192.168.2.1 dev eth1<\/span>\r\n\r\n# route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 gw 192.168.2.254 dev eth1<\/span><\/pre>\n
Bu makalemizde “Linux \u0130\u015fletim Sistemlerinde Makine \u0130smi, IP Adresi, A\u011f Ge\u00e7idi, DNS Sunucuz Adresi vb. Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131” konusunu inceledik. Bu makalemizdeki i\u015flemler “CentOS” Linux i\u015fletim sisteminde uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu i\u015flemler Red Hat t\u00fcrevi (CentOS, Oracle Linux vb.) i\u015fletim sistemlerinde ayn\u0131d\u0131r.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n
Bir sonraki makalemizde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmek dile\u011fiyle\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bu makalemizde “Linux \u0130\u015fletim Sistemlerinde Makine \u0130smi, IP Adresi, A\u011f Ge\u00e7idi vb. Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131” konusunu inceleyce\u011fiz. Basit olarak Linux i\u015fletim sistemli bir bilgisayarda makine ismi (hostname) de\u011fi\u015ftirme, IP Adresi atama ve de\u011fi\u015ftirme, DNS Sunucu adresleri ekleme ve de\u011fi\u015ftirme vb. i\u015flemlerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirece\u011fiz. … Okumaya devam et →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[21,290,711,20,19,709,707,706,702,699,698,700,701,703,708,704,705,710],"class_list":["post-4958","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-unix-linux","tag-h-koray-gunduz","tag-halil-koray-gunduz","tag-hostname-degistirme","tag-koray-gunduz","tag-koraykey","tag-linux-ag-gecidi-degistirme","tag-linux-dns-ayarlari","tag-linux-dns-degistirme","tag-linux-gateway-degistirme","tag-linux-hostname-change","tag-linux-hostname-degistirme","tag-linux-hostname-set","tag-linux-ip-adresi-degistirme","tag-linux-route-islemleri","tag-linux-route-komutu","tag-linux-static-ip-verme","tag-linux-static-route-islemleri","tag-linux-varsayilan-ag-gecidi-degistirme"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4958","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4958"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4958\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4958"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4958"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4958"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}