{"id":361,"date":"2013-02-05T22:08:05","date_gmt":"2013-02-05T20:08:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/?p=361"},"modified":"2013-05-20T21:38:05","modified_gmt":"2013-05-20T18:38:05","slug":"linux-isletim-sistemlerinde-http-ve-ftp-server-yapilandirmasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/?p=361","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u0130\u015fletim Sistemlerinde HTTP ve FTP Server Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/LinuxAll.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-797\" alt=\"LinuxAll\" src=\"http:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/LinuxAll.jpg\" width=\"250\" height=\"250\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/LinuxAll.jpg 250w, https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/LinuxAll-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\" \/><\/a><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Bu makalemizde Linux \u0130\u015fletim Sistemlerinde HTTP ve FTP server kurulumlar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inceleyece\u011fiz. \u00d6ncelikle bu terimlerin neler oldu\u011funu inceleyelim.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>HTTP Server (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)<\/strong>\u00a0di\u011fer ad\u0131yla Web sunucusu, \u0130nternet \u00fczerinde bir web sitesinin yay\u0131n\u0131ndan sorumlu olan sunucudur. Web servisi internet \u00fczerinde en yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan servisdir. Temel olarak HTTP (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) protokol\u00fc kullan\u0131larak verilen bir servistir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>FTP\u00a0 Server (File Transfer Protocol)<\/strong> internete ba\u011fl\u0131 bir bir bilgisayardan di\u011ferine (her iki y\u00f6nde de) dosya aktar\u0131m\u0131 yapmak i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirilen bir internet protokol\u00fc ve bu i\u015fi yapan uygulama programlar\u0131na verilen genel isimdir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">FTP ilk geli\u015ftirilen internet protokollerinden biridir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>FTP protokol\u00fc ile ;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Bir ba\u015fka bilgisayardan bir ba\u015fka bilgisayara dosya aktar\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131rken, o bilgisayar ile etkile\u015fimi ayn\u0131 anda ba\u011flant\u0131 kurulur.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Protokol ile sa\u011flanan bir dizi komutlar yard\u0131m\u0131yla iki bilgisayar aras\u0131nda dosya alma\/g\u00f6nderme i\u015flemleri yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>FTP Yapmak \u0130\u00e7in Nelere \u0130htiya\u00e7 Var?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Ba\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bilgisayar\u0131n ismi veya IP adresi,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Ba\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bilgisayarda dosyalara ula\u015fmak istedi\u011fimiz hesapla ilgili kullan\u0131c\u0131 numaras\u0131, varsa \u015fifresi,<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">\u0130nternet eri\u015fimi olan,\u00fczerinde FTP yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 bulunan bilgisayar<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Ba\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bilgisayarda, FTP protokol komutlar\u0131n\u0131 yorumlayacak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r durumda bir FTP servis program\u0131 yani FTP sitesi gereklidir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>FTP&#8217;nin Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><br \/>\nGenel kullan\u0131m\u0131; FTP &lt; FTP yap\u0131lacak makinenin adresi&gt; \u015feklindedir. Bu i\u015flemden sonra s\u0131ra ile ilgili bilgisayara ba\u011flan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131 ve parola sorulur. Bunlar\u0131 girdikten sonra kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n makinesine ba\u011flan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olunur. Baz\u0131 FTP komutlar\u0131 kullan\u0131larak iki makine aras\u0131nda dosya i\u015flemleri, ayr\u0131ca ba\u011flan\u0131lan makinede baz\u0131 temel dosya\/disk i\u015flemleri (dosya a\u00e7ma\/silme v.b ) i\u015flemler yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Bunlar\u0131 Yapabilmek \u0130\u00e7in Gerekli Olan FTP Komutlar\u0131:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">cd <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">: Dizin de\u011fi\u015ftirme. Kullan\u0131m\u0131; cd&lt; dizin ad\u0131 &gt; bir \u00f6nceki dizine ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in cd.. yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">pwd <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">: Bu komut yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bulunulan dizininin ismini g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fcz. \u0130\u00e7inde bulunulan dizindeki dosyalar\u0131 listeler.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ls <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">: Dizin i\u00e7indeki \u00e7ok fazla say\u0131da dosya varsa sayfa sayfa listeleme ve dosyalar\u0131 k\u0131sa olarak g\u00f6stermeye yarayan komuttur.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">get <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">: Dosya alma<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">komutudur.<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> Kullan\u0131m\u0131; get &lt;dosya &#8211; ad\u0131&gt;(&lt;al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonraki ad\u0131&gt;) al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonraki ad\u0131 ayn\u0131da kalabilir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">mget <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">: Birden fazla dosya alma komutudur. \u00d6rn: mget *.zip mget a*.*<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">put <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">: Dosya g\u00f6nderme komutudur. Kullan\u0131m\u0131; put&lt;dosya- ad\u0131&gt; &lt;g\u00f6nderece\u011fimiz-yerdeki- ad\u0131&gt;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">mput <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">: Birden \u00e7ok dosyay\u0131 g\u00f6nderme komutudur.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">ascii <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">: Dosya aktar\u0131mlar\u0131nda aktar\u0131m modu olarak ASCII kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">binary<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">: Dosya aktar\u0131mlar\u0131nda Binary modun kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<address><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Yani;<\/span><\/address>\n<address><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">-ar\u015fiv dosyalar\u0131 (zip, tar vb. gibi),<\/span><\/address>\n<address><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">-\u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir programlar(. exe gibi),<\/span><\/address>\n<address><span style=\"color: #000000; font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">-resim formatl\u0131 programlar, (gif,jpeg, vb. gibi)<\/span><\/address>\n<address><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/address>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">rm<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">: FTP yap\u0131lan bir yerde istenilen dosyay\u0131 silme komutudur. Kullan\u0131m\u0131; delete&lt;dosya &#8211; ad\u0131 &gt; \u015feklindedir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">mkdir<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">: FTP yap\u0131lan yerde yeni bir dizin olu\u015fturma komutu mkdir&#8217;dir.Kullan\u0131m\u0131; mkdir &lt; dizin -ad\u0131&gt; \u015feklindedir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">rmdir<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">: FTP yap\u0131lan yerde bos bir dizini silme komutudur. Kullan\u0131m\u0131; rmdir &lt;dizin- ad\u0131&gt; \u015feklindedir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">lcd<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">: FTP ortam\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kmadan, kendi makinenizde dizin de\u011fi\u015ftirmenizi sa\u011flar.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">close<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">: FTP ortam\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kmadan sadece ilgili ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 kapat\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">quit<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">: FTP ortam\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kmak ve ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 kapatmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan komuttur.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>Anonymous FTP Nedir?<\/strong><br \/>\nFTP i\u015flemleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u011flanaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z makinede kullan\u0131c\u0131 numaras\u0131n\u0131 (user name) ve password (parola) bilgilerini bilmemiz gerekir.(Program bunlar\u0131 bize sorar.Ba\u011flan\u0131lan makine,ki\u015fiye \u00f6zel ve parolas\u0131n\u0131 sadece bizim bildi\u011fimiz bir makine olabilece\u011fi gibi,herkese a\u00e7\u0131k bir ar\u015fivde olabilir. B\u00f6ylece herkesin kolayca eri\u015fip dosya almas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan tek tip bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 numaras\u0131 tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O da; ANONYMOUS yada FTP. Bu merkezlere FTP yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kullan\u0131c\u0131 ismi olarak anonymous ( ya da FTP ) girildi\u011finde bizden parola olarak kendi: e-posta adresimizi girmemiz istenir. ( Parola yaz\u0131l\u0131rken g\u00f6r\u00fclmez ) \u015eifre olarak kesinlikle kendi bilgisayar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u015fifresini girmeyiniz .<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>Web \u00dczerinden FTP<\/strong><br \/>\nSon zamanlarda genel e\u011filim t\u00fcm internet servislerine daha becerikli ve etkilesimli ortamlardan eri\u015filmesi ve farkl\u0131 servislerin etkile\u015fimli olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 seklinde kendini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Bunlardan en \u00f6nemli olanlar\u0131ndan bir taneside WEB&#8217;dir. FTP&#8217;de dahil olmak \u00fczere pek \u00e7ok internet servisi ve ilave pek \u00e7ok \u00f6zellik bu ortamlar \u00fczerinden kurulabilir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla FTP yapman\u0131n bir di\u011fer yoluda WEB \u00fczerinden FTP yapmakt\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntem kullan\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan daha kolayd\u0131r.<\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><br \/>\nBinary bir dosyay\u0131, yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131kla, standart FTP programlar\u0131 ile kolayca ASCII modda alman\u0131z m\u00fcmk\u00fcn, bu sak\u0131ncalar WEB \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan FTP&#8217; lerde ortadan kalkmaktad\u0131r. S\u00f6zgelimi standart resim formatlar\u0131nda olan bir resim dosyas\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z anda g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcy\u00fc ekrana da g\u00f6nderebilirsiniz. FTP yapman\u0131n bu &#8220;farkl\u0131,kolay ve g\u00fczel&#8221; yolunu WEB k\u0131sm\u0131nda bulabilirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>Grafik Arabirimli FTP<\/strong><br \/>\nKlasik anlamda FTP yaparken, bir tak\u0131m komutlar veririz. Son y\u0131llarda geli\u015ftirilen baz\u0131 programlar kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bu komutlar\u0131 vermesine gerek kalmadan grafik bir ara birim ile kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n daha kolay ve komutlar\u0131 girmeden FTP yapmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131rlar. FTP komutlar\u0131 ya pull-down\/pop-up men\u00fclerden al\u0131n\u0131r; ya da tek bir fare t\u0131klatmas\u0131 ile de\u011fi\u015fik FTP komutlar\u0131 icra edilir. Bu tip programlara bir \u00f6rnek, Windows i\u015fletim sistemlerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve PuTTY taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen ve \u00fccretsiz olan PsFTP yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">\u00a0<strong>FTP Yaparken Dikkat Edilmesi Gereken Hususlar<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">EXE, .ZIP vb gibi dosyalar\u0131 BINARY modda transfer edin. FTP&#8217;de (genellikle) varsay\u0131lan aktar\u0131m bi\u00e7imi ASCII dir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">AnonymousFTP&#8217;de, bir directory i\u00e7ine girdi\u011finizde, genellikle, oradaki dosyalar\u0131n isim,byte olarak b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck, tarih ve i\u00e7eri\u011fini belirten k\u0131sa a\u00e7\u0131klama sat\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu &#8216;readme&#8217; dosyalar\u0131 (bazen de INDEX dosyalar\u0131) vard\u0131r. \u00d6ncelikle bu ASCII dosyalar\u0131 al\u0131p okumak size \u00e7ok yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Anonymous FTP&#8217;de, \u015fifre olarak\u00a0l\u00fctfen e-mail adresinizi do\u011fru olarak girin. Baz\u0131 FTP merkezleri, e-mail adresinin uygunsuz girilmesi (ya da girilmeyip bo\u015f ge\u00e7ilmesi) durumunda FTP yapman\u0131za izin vermemektedir.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Unix&#8217;te k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\/b\u00fcy\u00fck harf ayr\u0131m\u0131 oldu\u011funu her zaman ak\u0131lda bulundurun.\u00d6zellikle, aktaraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z dosyalar\u0131n isimlerini tam yaz\u0131n ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\/b\u00fcy\u00fck harf ayr\u0131mlar\u0131na dikkat edip ayn\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bilgisayar\u0131n i\u015fletim sistemine \u00f6zg\u00fc k\u0131s\u0131t\/\u00f6zellikleri de bilmekte fayda var.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Bu kadar teorik bilgiden sonra kurulumlar\u0131m\u0131za ge\u00e7elim&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">\u00a0<strong>HTTP Server Kurulumu<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Linux i\u015fletim sistemimize &#8220;root&#8221; kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ile oturum a\u00e7\u0131yoruz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1.<span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Gerekli olan &#8220;httpd&#8221; paketini sunucumuza kuruyoruz.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"toolbar-overlay:false toolbar-hide:false toolbar-delay:false lang:sh decode:true\"><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># yum install httpd<\/span><\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2.<span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"> Sunucumuzun &#8220;host&#8221; isim \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleme dosyas\u0131n\u0131 editor\u00fcm\u00fcz ile a\u00e7arak sunucu IP adresini ve ismini giriyoruz. \u0130sim \u00f6nceden girilmi\u015f ise kontrol edilmelidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"toolbar-overlay:false toolbar-hide:false toolbar-delay:false lang:sh decode:true\"><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># vim \/etc\/hosts\r\n\r\n192.168.1.10\u00a0\tkoraykey.localdomain\u00a0\tkoraykey<\/span><\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.<span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"> HTTP Server servisini ba\u015flat\u0131yor ayn\u0131 zamanda sunucumuz yeniden ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda otomatik ba\u015flamas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli ayarlar\u0131 yap\u0131yoruz.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"toolbar-overlay:false toolbar-hide:false toolbar-delay:false lang:sh decode:true\"><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># service httpd start\r\n# chkconfig httpd on<\/span><\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">4.<span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"> HTTP sunucumuz y\u00fcklendi ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. HTTP Server yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131n\u0131 &#8220;\/etc\/httpd\/conf\/httpd.conf&#8221; yolunda bulabiliriz. Bu dosyay\u0131 metin edit\u00f6r\u00fc ile a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda gerekli ayarlar\u0131 yapabiliriz. Herhangi bir g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 kullanm\u0131yorsak veya a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 ayarlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda taray\u0131c\u0131 adres kutucu\u011funa sunucu ad\u0131n\u0131 veya IP adresini yazarak web server giri\u015f sayfas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleyebiliriz. \u015eimdi g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 kullananlar\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in bu ayarlar\u0131n nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inceleyelim. Sunucumuzda bu servisin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in 80 numaral\u0131 porta izin veriyoruz. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">G\u00f6rev \u00e7ubu\u011fundaki &#8220;System &gt; Administration &gt; Firewall&#8221; ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 izleyerek a\u00e7\u0131lan yap\u0131land\u0131rma penceresinde &#8220;Trusted Services&#8221; sekmesindeki listeden &#8220;WWW (HTTP)&#8221; se\u00e7ene\u011fini bulup i\u015faretliyoruz ve uygula d\u00fc\u011fmesine bas\u0131yoruz. E\u011fer i\u015flemimizi komut sat\u0131r\u0131ndan yapacaksak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu kullan\u0131yoruz.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"toolbar-overlay:false toolbar-hide:false toolbar-delay:false lang:sh decode:true\"><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT<\/span><\/pre>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">HTTP Server ile ilgili yapacaklar\u0131m\u0131z bu kadar. Sunucumuzda Firewall Servisi kapal\u0131ysa bu ayarlar\u0131 yapmam\u0131za gerek yoktur.\u00a0\u015eimdi FTP Server kurulumuna ge\u00e7elim.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><strong>FTP Server Kurulumu<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">1.<span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Linux i\u015fletim sistemimize &#8220;root&#8221; kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ile oturum a\u00e7\u0131yoruz ve g<\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">erekli olan &#8220;vsftpd&#8221; paketini sunucumuza kuruyoruz.<\/span><\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<pre class=\"toolbar-overlay:false toolbar-hide:false toolbar-delay:false lang:sh decode:true\"><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># yum install vsftpd<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">2.<span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"> FTP Server servisini ba\u015flat\u0131yor ayn\u0131 zamanda sunucumuz yeniden ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda otomatik ba\u015flamas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli ayarlar\u0131 yap\u0131yoruz.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"toolbar-overlay:false toolbar-hide:false toolbar-delay:false lang:sh decode:true\"><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># service vsftpd start\r\n# chkconfig vsftpd on<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">3.<span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"> FTP sunucumuz y\u00fcklendi ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. FTP Server yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 &#8220;\/etc\/vsftpd&#8221; dizini alt\u0131nda bulabiliriz. \u015eimdi burada bulunan dosyalar \u00fczerinde yapmam\u0131z gereken ayarlar\u0131 inceleyelim.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"toolbar-overlay:false toolbar-hide:false toolbar-delay:false lang:sh decode:true\"><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># vim \/etc\/vsftpd\/vsftpd.conf<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>4.<span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"> FTP sunucumuz yaln\u0131zca a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015fta vsftpd.conf dosyas\u0131n\u0131 okur. Bu dosyada yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fikliklerde FTP Server servisi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eimdi bu dosyam\u0131zdaki sat\u0131rlar\u0131 d\u00fczenleyelim.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"><br \/>\nDefault kurulumda VSFTPD anonim FTP sunucusu olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. <\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Anonim eri\u015fimleri kapatmak i\u00e7in bu de\u011fer &#8220;NO&#8221; olarak ayarlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fer anonim ba\u011flant\u0131lara izin verilecekse bu de\u011fer &#8220;YES&#8221; olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"toolbar-overlay:false toolbar-hide:false toolbar-delay:false lang:vim decode:true\"><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># Allow anonymous FTP?\r\nanonymous_enable=NO<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Lokal kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n (root, oracle vb) \u015fifreleri ile Login olmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in bu de\u011fer &#8220;Yes&#8221; olarak ayarlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"toolbar-overlay:false toolbar-hide:false toolbar-delay:false lang:vim decode:true\"><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.\r\nlocal_enable=YES<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Default kurulumda FTP Server anonim ba\u011flant\u0131larda sadece download yapmaya izin verir. Upload da yapabilmelerinide istiyorsak &#8220;anon_upload_enable=YES&#8221; de\u011ferinin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki # i\u015fareti kald\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"toolbar-overlay:false toolbar-hide:false toolbar-delay:false lang:vim decode:true crayon-selected\"><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files.\r\n# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated.\r\n# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.\r\nanon_upload_enable=YES<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Ayr\u0131ca Anonim ba\u011flant\u0131larda klas\u00f6r olu\u015fturmaya da izin vermez. \u0130zin vermesi i\u00e7in &#8220;anon_mkdir_write_enable =YES&#8221; de\u011ferinin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki # i\u015fareti kald\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"toolbar-overlay:false toolbar-hide:false toolbar-delay:false lang:vim decode:true\"><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># The anonymous FTP user to be able to create directories.\r\n#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">FTP Sunucumuza kullan\u0131c\u0131lar istek yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda onlar\u0131 bir ho\u015fgeldin yaz\u0131s\u0131 ile kar\u015f\u0131layabiliriz. Bunun i\u00e7in ftpd_banner de\u011ferinin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki # i\u015faretini kald\u0131rarak mesaj\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 yaz\u0131yoruz.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre class=\"toolbar-overlay:false toolbar-hide:false toolbar-delay:false lang:vim decode:true\"><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># You may fully customise the login banner string:\r\nftpd_banner= KorayKey FTP Sunucusuna Hosgeldiniz. \r\nYapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funuz de\u011fi\u015fiklikler kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>5.<span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"> E\u011fer anonim kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n sisteme upload yapmalar\u0131n\u0131 istiyorsak onlara birde upload yapabilecekleri dizin ve izinleri ayarlamal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># mkdir \/var\/ftp\/pub\/upload\r\n# chmod 733 \/var\/ftp\/pub\/upload<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>6.<span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"> Sizlere vsftpd.conf dosyas\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki ayarlar\u0131n bir \u00e7o\u011fundan bahsettikten sonra \u015fimdi izinli ve izinli olmayan kullan\u0131c\u0131 ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 yapmaktan bahsedece\u011fim.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">FTP ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 kurabilecek kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n belirlenmesi i\u00e7in dikkat edilmesi gereken<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># vim \/etc\/vsftpd\/vsftpd.conf\r\n-- dosyas\u0131ndaki \"userlist_enable\" de\u011feri \"YES\" olarak ayarlanm\u0131\u015fsa\r\nizinli kullan\u0131c\u0131lar listesini belirlememiz gerekmektedir.<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># vim \/etc\/vsftpd\/userlist\r\n-- dosyas\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde FTP yapabilecek kullan\u0131c\u0131 isimlerinin yaz\u0131l\u0131\r\noldu\u011fundan emin olmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># vim \/etc\/vsftpd\/ftpusers\r\n-- dosyas\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde FTP yapamayacak kullan\u0131c\u0131 isimlerinin yaz\u0131l\u0131\r\noldu\u011fundan emin olmal\u0131y\u0131z. E\u011fer FTP yapmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011fimiz bir kullan\u0131c\u0131\r\nburada mevcutsa \u00f6n\u00fcne # i\u015fareti koymal\u0131y\u0131z.\r\n\r\n# Users that are not allowed to login via ftp\r\n#root<\/span><\/pre>\n<p>7.<span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"> Sonras\u0131nda e\u011fer bu dosyalarda de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapt\u0131ysak FTP Server yaln\u0131zca servis a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bu ayarlar\u0131 okudu\u011fu i\u00e7in servisi yeniden ba\u015flatmal\u0131 ve ayarlar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># service vsftpd restart<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">8.<span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\"> \u015eimdi g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 kullananlar\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in bu ayarlar\u0131n nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inceleyelim. Sunucumuzda bu servisin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in 21 numaral\u0131 porta izin veriyoruz.G\u00f6rev \u00e7ubu\u011fundaki &#8220;System &gt; Administration &gt; Firewall&#8221; ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 izleyerek a\u00e7\u0131lan yap\u0131land\u0131rma penceresinde &#8220;Trusted Services&#8221; sekmesindeki listeden &#8220;FTP&#8221; se\u00e7ene\u011fini bulup i\u015faretliyoruz ve uygula d\u00fc\u011fmesine bas\u0131yoruz. E\u011fer iptables servisi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fe bu i\u015flemi yapacaksak a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu uygulamal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"font-family: courier new,courier; font-size: 12px;\"># iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">FTP Server ile ilgili yapacaklar\u0131m\u0131z bu kadar. Sunucumuzda Firewall servisi kapal\u0131ysa bu ayarlar\u0131 yapmam\u0131za gerek yoktur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Art\u0131k sunucumuzda HTTP ve FTP Server hizmetlerimiz haz\u0131r ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r durumdad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Makalede her iki konuyuda inceledik ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131za g\u00f6re yaln\u0131zca FTP servisini kuracaksak HTTP Server ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7erek FTP Server kurabiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Oracle Enterprise Linux 6 Update\u00a04 i\u00e7in test edilmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcm Linux versiyonlar\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle Red Hat t\u00fcrevlerinde ayn\u0131 ayarlar ge\u00e7erlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px;\">Ba\u015fka bir makalede g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmek \u00fczere\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bu makalemizde Linux \u0130\u015fletim Sistemlerinde HTTP ve FTP server kurulumlar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 inceleyece\u011fiz. \u00d6ncelikle bu terimlerin neler oldu\u011funu inceleyelim. HTTP Server (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol)\u00a0di\u011fer ad\u0131yla Web sunucusu, \u0130nternet \u00fczerinde bir web sitesinin yay\u0131n\u0131ndan sorumlu olan sunucudur. Web servisi internet &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/?p=361\">Okumaya devam et <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[21,290,20,19,24,25,26,27,352],"class_list":["post-361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-unix-linux","tag-h-koray-gunduz","tag-halil-koray-gunduz","tag-koray-gunduz","tag-koraykey","tag-linux-ftp-kurulumu","tag-linux-ftp-server-kurulumu","tag-linux-http-kurulumu","tag-linux-http-server-kurulumu","tag-linux-web-server-kurulumu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/361","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=361"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/361\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}