{"id":3437,"date":"2013-05-19T22:57:46","date_gmt":"2013-05-19T19:57:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/?p=3437"},"modified":"2013-05-22T22:53:25","modified_gmt":"2013-05-22T19:53:25","slug":"linux-isletim-sistemlerinde-disk-header-ve-asm-disk-header-yapilandirmasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/?p=3437","title":{"rendered":"Linux \u0130\u015fletim Sistemlerinde Disk Header ve ASM Disk Header Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"LinuxOracle\"Bu makalemizde “Linux \u0130\u015fletim Sistemlerinde Disk Header ve ASM Header Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131”n\u0131 inceleyece\u011fiz. Bu i\u015flemler bize \u00f6zellikle “SAN” (Storage Area Network) ortam\u0131ndan atanm\u0131\u015f diskleri tespit etmede veya sistemimizde bulunan disklerin imaj\u0131n\u0131 alma gibi uygulamalar\u0131 yapmam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Oracle taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan ASM dosya sistemi i\u00e7inde buna benzer i\u015flemleri bu yaz\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde di\u011fer konularla birlikte inceleyece\u011fiz. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki i\u015flemleri yapabilmemiz i\u00e7in sunucular\u0131m\u0131za SAN ortam\u0131ndan iki\u015fer adet ortak disk alan\u0131 atanm\u0131\u015f ancak ikinci \u00fcye \u00fczerinde fazladan bir disk alan\u0131m\u0131z mevcut yani sunucular\u0131m\u0131zdan birinde disk yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 farkl\u0131 durumdad\u0131r. Bu i\u015flemlere ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce sunucular\u0131m\u0131zda SAN ortam\u0131 i\u00e7in “Linux Multipath Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131”<\/a> i\u015fleminin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 varsay\u0131yoruz.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

-- 1. \u00dcyedeki disklerimiz<\/span>\r\n\r\n[root@koraykey-db1 ~]# ls \/dev\/sd*<\/span>\r\n\/dev\/sda  \/dev\/sda1  \/dev\/sda2  \/dev\/sdb  \/dev\/sdc<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- 2. \u00dcyedeki disklerimiz<\/span>\r\n\r\n[root@koraykey-db2 ~]# ls \/dev\/sd*<\/span>\r\n\/dev\/sda  \/dev\/sda1  \/dev\/sda2  \/dev\/sdb  \/dev\/sdc  \/dev\/sdd<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz gibi ikinci \u00fcyemizde fazladan bir disk mevcut durumda ancak hangi\r\nsunucuda hangi diskin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011funu bilmiyoruz. \u015eimdi bunlar\u0131 bulaca\u011f\u0131z.\r\nBurada bildi\u011fimiz \"sda\" isimli disklerimiz i\u015fletim sistemimiz taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan\r\ndisklerdir.<\/span><\/pre>\n
A-) Linux Disk Header \u0130\u015flemleri<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
1. Disk header okuma ve yazma i\u015flemlerini yap\u0131p her iki sunucuda depolama \u00fcnitesinden atanm\u0131\u015f bu disklerimizi tespit edece\u011fiz.<\/span><\/p>\n
-- Dikkat edece\u011fimiz konu e\u011fer i\u00e7inde veri olan bir diskle bunu yapacaksak <\/span>sadece\r\ndisk header okuma i\u015flemlerini yap\u0131p her iki \u00fcyede kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak bulaca\u011f\u0131z. E\u011fer\r\nveri olan bir diskte header i\u00e7erisinde bir veri yazd\u0131r\u0131rsak diskimizde veri kayb\u0131\r\nolabilir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki i\u015flemler yeni atanm\u0131\u015f diskleri bulmakta kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- \u00d6ncelikle disklerimize \"header\" yazd\u0131rma i\u015flemi i\u00e7in bir dosya olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131z ve\r\nbu dosyada yazanlar\u0131 diskimizin header b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yazd\u0131raca\u011f\u0131z.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- 1. \u00fcyemizde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki dosyam\u0131z\u0131 yarat\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# vim \/tmp\/header.txt<\/span>\r\n\r\ndosyam\u0131z\u0131n i\u00e7ine a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki yaz\u0131y\u0131 yaz\u0131yoruz ve kaydederek \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\nD I S K 1<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Dosyam\u0131zda yazanlar\u0131 diskimizin header b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yazd\u0131r\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n-- 1. \u00fcyemizde \"sdb\" diskimizin header b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne dosyam\u0131z\u0131 yazd\u0131r\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n[root@koraykey-db1 ~]# dd if=\/tmp\/header.txt of=\/dev\/sdb<\/span>\r\n0+1 records in<\/span>\r\n0+1 records out<\/span>\r\n10 bytes (10 B) copied, 0.00518064 s, 1.9 kB\/s<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- \u015eimdi diskimize yazd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z header b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc okuyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n[root@koraykey-db1 ~]# od -c \/dev\/sdb | head -10<\/span>\r\n0000000   D       I       S       K       1  \\n  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n0000020  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n*<\/span>\r\n50000000000<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz gibi header.txt dosyam\u0131zdan yazd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z DISK1 yaz\u0131s\u0131 diskimizin\r\nheader b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- 1. \u00fcyemizde \"sdb\" olan diskimizin 2. \u00fcyemizde hangisi oldu\u011funu bulabilmek i\u00e7in\r\nheader okuma i\u015flemini yap\u0131yoruz. Bunun i\u00e7in \"sdb\" \"sdc\" \"sdd\" vb. disklerde bulana\r\nkadar denemeliyiz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n[root@koraykey-db2 ~]# od -c \/dev\/sdc | head -10<\/span>\r\n0000000   D       I       S       K       1  \\n  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n0000020  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n*<\/span>\r\n50000000000<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz gibi 1. \u00fcyede \"sdb\" olan diskimiz 2. \u00fcyede \"sdc\" isimli diskimize\r\nkar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geliyor. Sistemimizde ayarlamalar\u0131 buna g\u00f6re yapabiliriz.\r\n<\/span><\/pre>\n
2. Disklerimizin imaj olarak kopyas\u0131n\u0131 bir dosyaya alabilir ve bir sorun durumunda bu dosyadan d\u00f6nebiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n
-- Diskimizin bir kopyas\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fka bir diske almak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6rnek komutu\r\nkullanabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# dd if=\/dev\/sdb of=\/dev\/sdc<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Diskimizin bir kopyas\u0131n\u0131 imaj dosyas\u0131na yazd\u0131rmak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6rnek komutu\r\nkullanabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# dd if=\/dev\/sdb of=\/u01\/disks\/sdb_image.dd<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Diskimizin bir kopyas\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak imaj dosyas\u0131na yazd\u0131rmak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki\r\n\u00f6rnek komutu kullanabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# dd if=\/dev\/sdb | gzip > \/u01\/disks\/sdb_image.gz<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Disklerimizin MBR B\u00f6l\u00fcmlerini veya Header gibi belli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc imaj dosyas\u0131na\r\nyazd\u0131rmak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6rnek komutu kullanabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# dd if=\/dev\/sdb of=\/u01\/disks\/sdbheader_image.dd count=10 bs=1M<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z disk imajlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 sorguluyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# ll \/u01\/disks\/<\/span>\r\ntotal 3148788<\/span>\r\n-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   10485760 May 18 02:11 sdbheader_image.dd<\/span>\r\n-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3221225472 May 18 02:03 sdb_image.dd<\/span>\r\n-rw-r--r-- 1 root root    3126140 May 18 02:04 sdb_image.gz<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz gibi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda \u00e7ok daha az alan kaplamaktad\u0131r.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Diskimizde herhangi bir bozulma oldu\u011funda elimizdeki bu imajlardan geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\r\ni\u015flemi yapabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# dd if=\/u01\/disks\/sdb_image.dd of=\/dev\/sdb<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Diskimizin MBR B\u00f6l\u00fcmlerini veya Header gibi belli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc imaj dosyas\u0131ndan\r\nd\u00f6nme i\u015flemi yapabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# dd if=\/u01\/disks\/sdb_image.dd of=\/dev\/sdb count=10 bs=1M\r\n\r\n-- Diskimizin \"header\" b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc silmek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu kullanabiliriz.\r\n\r\n# dd if=\/dev\/zero of=\/dev\/sdb bs=2048 count=100<\/span><\/pre>\n
B-) Oracle ASM Disk Header \u0130\u015flemleri<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
1. Sunucumuzda bulunan disklerimiz e\u011fer RAC vb. cluster ortamlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lacaksa \u00f6ncelikle bunlar\u0131 tespit etmemiz ve her iki sunucuda ayn\u0131 disk d\u00fczeninde de\u011filse e\u015fitlememiz gerekiyor. \u015eimdi bu disklerimizi sunucular\u0131m\u0131zda tespit edip her iki sunucumuzda e\u015fitleyelim.<\/span><\/p>\n
-- Dikkat edece\u011fimiz konu e\u011fer i\u00e7inde veri olan bir diskle bunu yapacaksak sadece<\/span>\r\ndisk header okuma i\u015flemlerini yap\u0131p her iki \u00fcyede kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak bulaca\u011f\u0131z. E\u011fer<\/span>\r\nveri olan bir diskte header i\u00e7erisinde bir veri yazd\u0131r\u0131rsak diskimizde veri kayb\u0131<\/span>\r\nolabilir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki i\u015flemler yeni atanm\u0131\u015f diskleri bulmakta kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- \u00d6ncelikle her iki \u00fcyede disklerimizi sorguluyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n[root@koraykey-db1 ~]# ls -l \/dev\/sd*<\/span>\r\nbrw-rw---- 1 root disk 8,\u00a0 0 May 18 12:57 \/dev\/sda<\/span>\r\nbrw-rw---- 1 root disk 8,\u00a0 1 May 18 12:57 \/dev\/sda1<\/span>\r\nbrw-rw---- 1 root disk 8,\u00a0 2 May 18 12:57 \/dev\/sda2<\/span>\r\nbrw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 16 May 18 12:58 \/dev\/sdb<\/span>\r\nbrw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 32 May 18 12:58 \/dev\/sdc<\/span>\r\n[root@koraykey-db2 ~]# ls -l \/dev\/sd*<\/span>\r\nbrw-rw---- 1 root disk 8,\u00a0 0 May 18 12:57 \/dev\/sda<\/span>\r\nbrw-rw---- 1 root disk 8,\u00a0 1 May 18 12:57 \/dev\/sda1<\/span>\r\nbrw-rw---- 1 root disk 8,\u00a0 2 May 18 12:57 \/dev\/sda2<\/span>\r\nbrw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 16 May 18 12:57 \/dev\/sdb<\/span>\r\nbrw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 32 May 18 13:06 \/dev\/sdc<\/span>\r\nbrw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 48 May 18 13:06 \/dev\/sdd<\/span>\r\n-- G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz gibi her iki sunucumuzda disk yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 farkl\u0131.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- \u015eimdi 1. sunucumuzda bulunan bir diskin 2. sunucuda hangi diske kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k\r\ngeldi\u011fini bulal\u0131m.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- 1. \u00fcyemizde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki dosyam\u0131z\u0131 yarat\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# vim \/tmp\/header.txt<\/span>\r\n\r\ndosyam\u0131z\u0131n i\u00e7ine a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki yaz\u0131y\u0131 yaz\u0131yoruz ve kaydederek \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\nA S M  D I S K 1<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Dosyam\u0131zda yazanlar\u0131 diskimizin header b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yazd\u0131r\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n-- 1. \u00fcyemizde \"sdb\" diskimizin header b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne dosyam\u0131z\u0131 yazd\u0131r\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n[root@koraykey-db1 ~]# dd if=\/tmp\/header.txt of=\/dev\/sdb<\/span>\r\n0+1 records in<\/span>\r\n0+1 records out<\/span>\r\n16 bytes (16 B) copied, 0.220797 s, 0.1 kB\/s<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- \u015eimdi diskimize yazd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z header b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc okuyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n0000000   A       S       M       D       I       S       K       1  \\n<\/span>\r\n0000020  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n*<\/span>\r\n50000000000<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz gibi header.txt dosyam\u0131zdan yazd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z DISK1 yaz\u0131s\u0131 diskimizin<\/span>\r\nheader b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- 1. \u00fcyemizde \"sdb\" olan diskimizin 2. \u00fcyemizde hangisi oldu\u011funu bulabilmek i\u00e7in<\/span>\r\nheader okuma i\u015flemini yap\u0131yoruz. Bunun i\u00e7in \"sdb\" \"sdc\" \"sdd\" vb. disklerde bulana<\/span>\r\nkadar denemeliyiz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n[root@koraykey-db2 ~]# od -c \/dev\/sdc | head -10<\/span>\r\n0000000   A       S       M       D       I       S       K       1  \\n<\/span>\r\n0000020  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n*<\/span>\r\n50000000000<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz gibi 1. \u00fcyede \"sdb\" olan diskimiz 2. \u00fcyede \"sdc\" isimli diskimize<\/span>\r\nkar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geliyor. Bu \u015fekilde header dosyam\u0131z\u0131n i\u00e7ersinde \"ASM DISK 2\" gibi yazarak<\/span>\r\ndi\u011fer disklerin header b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yazd\u0131rarak tespit edebiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z tespite g\u00f6re ASM taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lacak disklerde<\/span>\r\n\r\n1. \u00dcyede bulunan \"sdb\" diski 2. \u00fcyede \"sdc\" diskine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geliyor.<\/span>\r\n1. \u00dcyede bulunan \"sdc\" diski 2. \u00fcyede \"sdd\" diskine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geliyor.\r\n\r\n-- Disklerimizde \"fdisk\" ile partition table olu\u015fturuyoruz.\r\nBu i\u015flemi sadece 1 \u00fcyede yapaca\u011f\u0131z.\r\n\r\n-- Verdi\u011fimiz yan\u0131tlar s\u0131ras\u0131yla \"n\" \"p\" \"1\" \"enter\" \"enter\" \"w\"\r\n\r\n# fdisk \/dev\/sdb\r\nDevice contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel\r\nBuilding a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x09bb2728.\r\nChanges will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.\r\nAfter that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.\r\n\r\nWarning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)\r\n\r\nWARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sectors (command 'u').\r\n\r\nCommand (m for help): n\r\nCommand action\r\n\u00a0\u00a0 e\u00a0\u00a0 extended\r\n\u00a0\u00a0 p\u00a0\u00a0 primary partition (1-4)\r\np\r\nPartition number (1-4): 1\r\nFirst cylinder (1-652, default 1): \r\nUsing default value 1\r\nLast cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-652, default 652): \r\nUsing default value 652\r\n\r\nCommand (m for help): w\r\nThe partition table has been altered!\r\n\r\nCalling ioctl() to re-read partition table.\r\nSyncing disks.\r\n\r\n-- Ayn\u0131 i\u015flemi fra diskimiz i\u00e7inde yap\u0131yoruz. Bu i\u015flemi sadece 1 \u00fcyede yapaca\u011f\u0131z.\r\n\r\n-- Verdi\u011fimiz yan\u0131tlar s\u0131ras\u0131yla \"n\" \"p\" \"1\" \"enter\" \"enter\" \"w\"\r\n\r\n# fdisk \/dev\/sdc\r\nDevice contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel\r\nBuilding a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x40c75b12.\r\nChanges will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.\r\nAfter that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.\r\n\r\nWarning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)\r\n\r\nWARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to\r\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sectors (command 'u').\r\n\r\nCommand (m for help): n\r\nCommand action\r\n\u00a0\u00a0 e\u00a0\u00a0 extended\r\n\u00a0\u00a0 p\u00a0\u00a0 primary partition (1-4)\r\np\r\nPartition number (1-4): 1\r\nFirst cylinder (1-652, default 1): \r\nUsing default value 1\r\nLast cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-652, default 652): \r\nUsing default value 652\r\n\r\nCommand (m for help): w\r\nThe partition table has been altered!\r\n\r\nCalling ioctl() to re-read partition table.\r\nSyncing disks.\r\n\r\n-- Sunucular\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 \"mknod\" komutunu kullanmadan \u00f6nce yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131yoruz.\r\n<\/span>\r\n# shutdown -r now\r\n<\/span>\r\n-- Her iki \u00fcyede bu diskleri e\u015fitlemek i\u00e7in \"mknod\" komutunu kullan\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\nBu i\u015flemi yapabilmek i\u00e7in disklerimizin major ve minor numaralar\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmemiz<\/span>\r\ngerekiyor. fdisk i\u015flemi sonras\u0131 sonunda \"1\" olan disklerimizi sorguluyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- 1. \u00dcyede major ve minor numaralar\u0131n\u0131 tespit ediyoruz.<\/span>\r\n# ls -l \/dev\/sdb1<\/span>\r\nbrw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 17 May 18 12:58 \/dev\/sdb1<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Major 8 Minor 17<\/span>\r\n\r\n# ls -l \/dev\/sdc1<\/span>\r\nbrw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 33 May 18 12:58 \/dev\/sdc1<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Major 8 Minor 33<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- 2. \u00fcyede daha \u00f6nce kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildi\u011fimiz diskleri sorguluyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# ls -l \/dev\/sdc1<\/span>\r\nbrw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 33 May 18 12:58 \/dev\/sdc1<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Major 8 Minor 33<\/span>\r\n\r\n# ls -l \/dev\/sdd1<\/span>\r\nbrw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 49 May 18 12:58 \/dev\/sdd1<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Major 8 Minor 49<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Disklerimizi her iki sunucuda e\u015fitliyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- 1. \u00dcyede buldu\u011fumuz major ve minor numaras\u0131 ile \/dev\/alt\u0131nda disklerimizi\r\nolu\u015fturuyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Data Diskimiz<\/span>\r\n\r\n# mknod \/dev\/data1 b 8 17<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Fra Diskimiz<\/span>\r\n\r\n# mknod \/dev\/fra1 b 8 33<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- 2. \u00dcyede buldu\u011fumuz major ve minor numaras\u0131 ile \/dev\/alt\u0131nda disklerimizi\r\nolu\u015fturuyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Data Diskimiz<\/span>\r\n\r\n# mknod \/dev\/data1 b 8 33<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Fra Diskimiz<\/span>\r\n\r\n# mknod \/dev\/fra1 b 8 49<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Art\u0131k disklerimiz e\u015fitlenmi\u015f ve haz\u0131r durumda. Durumu \u00f6zetlersek her iki\r\nsunucumuzda \"\/dev\" alt\u0131nda \"data1\" ve \"fra1\" isminde diskler bulunuyor.\r\n\r\n-- Son olarak bu disklerimiz haklar\u0131n\u0131 ayarlayal\u0131m.\r\n\r\n# chown root:disk \/dev\/data1\r\n# chown root:disk \/dev\/fra1<\/span><\/pre>\n
2. \u015eimdi olu\u015fturdu\u011fumuz disklerimizi ASM Library ile haz\u0131rlay\u0131p damgalayal\u0131m.<\/span><\/p>\n
-- A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki i\u015flemleri her iki \u00fcyede \"root\" kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ile uyguluyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- \u00d6ncelikle ASM Library i\u00e7in g\u00fcncelleme, yetkilendirme ve<\/span>\r\nyap\u0131land\u0131rma ayar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 yap\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Oracle ASM Library s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn g\u00fcncelli\u011fini kontrol ediyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# oracleasm update-driver<\/span>\r\nKernel:         2.6.39-400.17.2.el6uek.x86_64 x86_64<\/span>\r\nDriver name:    oracleasm-2.6.39-400.17.2.el6uek.x86_64<\/span>\r\nDriver for kernel 2.6.39-400.17.2.el6uek.x86_64 does not exist<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Oracle ASM Yetkilendirme i\u015flemlerini yap\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# oracleasm configure -I<\/span>\r\nConfiguring the Oracle ASM library driver.<\/span>\r\n\r\nThis will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library<\/span>\r\ndriver.  The following questions will determine whether the driver is<\/span>\r\nloaded on boot and what permissions it will have.  The current values<\/span>\r\nwill be shown in brackets ('[]').  Hitting <ENTER> without typing an<\/span>\r\nanswer will keep that current value.  Ctrl-C will abort.<\/span>\r\n\r\nDefault user to own the driver interface []: oracle<\/span>\r\nDefault group to own the driver interface []: dba<\/span>\r\nStart Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y\/n) [n]: y<\/span>\r\nScan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y\/n) [y]: y<\/span>\r\n\r\nThe next two configuration options take substrings to match device names.<\/span>\r\nThe substring \"sd\" (without the quotes), for example, matches \"sda\", \"sdb\",<\/span>\r\netc.  You may enter more than one substring pattern, separated by spaces.<\/span>\r\nThe special string \"none\" (again, without the quotes) will clear the value.<\/span>\r\n\r\nDevice order to scan for ASM disks []: <\/span>\r\nDevices to exclude from scanning []: <\/span>\r\nUse device logical block size for ASM (y\/n) [n]: y<\/span>\r\nWriting Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done<\/span>\r\n\r\n1. soruda \"oracle\" yaz\u0131p enter tu\u015funa bas\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n2. soruda \"dba\" yaz\u0131p enter tu\u015funa bas\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n3. soruda \"y\" yaz\u0131p enter tu\u015funa bas\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n4. soruda \"y\" yaz\u0131p enter tu\u015funa bas\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n5. ve 6. sorularda hi\u00e7bir\u015fey yazmadan enter tu\u015funa bas\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- \u015eimdi Oracle ASM Kernel mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc aktif edip \"\/dev\/oracleasm\"<\/span>\r\nalt\u0131nda Oracle Mount Point'i olu\u015ftural\u0131m.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# oracleasm init<\/span>\r\nCreating \/dev\/oracleasm mount point: \/dev\/oracleasm<\/span>\r\nLoading module \"oracleasm\": oracleasm<\/span>\r\nConfiguring \"oracleasm\" to use device logical block size <\/span>\r\nMounting ASMlib driver filesystem: \/dev\/oracleasm<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Bu i\u015flemlerden sonra art\u0131k ASM i\u00e7in disklerimizi olu\u015fturup<\/span>\r\ndamgalayabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Buradaki i\u015flemler tek bir \u00fcye \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span>\r\nKesinlikle her iki \u00fcyede uygulanmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# oracleasm createdisk data1 \/dev\/data1<\/span>\r\nWriting disk header: done<\/span>\r\nInstantiating disk: done<\/span>\r\n\r\n# oracleasm createdisk fra1 \/dev\/fra1<\/span>\r\nWriting disk header: done<\/span>\r\nInstantiating disk: done<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- 2. \u00fcyemizin diskleri g\u00f6rebilmesi i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# oracleasm scandisks<\/span>\r\n\r\nReloading disk partitions: done<\/span>\r\nCleaning any stale ASM disks...<\/span>\r\nScanning system for ASM disks...<\/span>\r\nInstantiating disk \"DATA1\"<\/span>\r\nInstantiating disk \"FRA1\"<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Her iki \u00fcyemizde disklerimizi listelemek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# oracleasm listdisks<\/span>\r\nDATA1<\/span>\r\nFRA1<\/span><\/pre>\n
3. \u015eimdi yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z disklerimizin header b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc okuyarak her iki \u00fcyede do\u011fru oldu\u011funu teyid edelim.<\/span><\/p>\n
-- 1. \u00fcyemizde \"data\" ve \"fra\" disklerimizin header b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc okuyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n[root@koraykey-db1 ~]# od -c \/dev\/data1 | head -10<\/span>\r\n0000000  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0   u   A   T   A<\/span>\r\n0000020  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n0000040   O   R   C   L   D   I   S   K   D   A   T   A   1  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n0000060  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n*<\/span>\r\n47751515000<\/span>\r\n[root@koraykey-db1 ~]# od -c \/dev\/fra1 | head -10<\/span>\r\n0000000  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0   F   R   A   1<\/span>\r\n0000020  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n0000040   O   R   C   L   D   I   S   K   F   R   A   1  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n0000060  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n*<\/span>\r\n47751515000<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- 2. \u00fcyemizde \"data\" ve \"fra\" disklerimizin header b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc okuyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n[root@koraykey-db2 ~]# od -c \/dev\/data1 | head -10<\/span>\r\n0000000  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0   u   A   T   A<\/span>\r\n0000020  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n0000040   O   R   C   L   D   I   S   K   D   A   T   A   1  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n0000060  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n*<\/span>\r\n47751515000<\/span>\r\n\r\n[root@koraykey-db2 ~]# od -c \/dev\/fra1 | head -10<\/span>\r\n0000000  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0   F   R   A   1<\/span>\r\n0000020  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n0000040   O   R   C   L   D   I   S   K   F   R   A   1  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n0000060  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0  \\0<\/span>\r\n*<\/span>\r\n47751515000<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Disklerimizin header b\u00f6l\u00fcmleri kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ayn\u0131 durumda i\u015flem ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in<\/span>\r\nGrid kurulum i\u015flemine ge\u00e7ebiliriz.<\/span><\/pre>\n
C-) Oracle ASM Disk Header Okuma ve Onarma \u0130\u015flemleri (kfed)<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
1. \u00d6ncelikle ASM Disklerimizde Header okuma i\u015flemini inceleyelim.<\/span><\/p>\n
-- ASM Disklerimizi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komut ile sorgulayabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# kfod status=TRUE asm_diskstring='\/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/*' disk=all dscvgroup=TRUE<\/span>\r\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------<\/span>\r\n Disk          Size Header    Path                        Disk Group   User    Group<\/span>\r\n=====================================================================<\/span>\r\n   1:      10236 Mb MEMBER    \/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/DATA1  DATA         oracle   dba<\/span>\r\n   2:      10236 Mb MEMBER    \/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/DATA2  DATA         oracle   dba<\/span>\r\n   3:      10236 Mb MEMBER    \/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/FRA1   FRA          oracle   dba<\/span>\r\n   4:      10236 Mb MEMBER    \/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/FRA2   FRA          oracle   dba<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- ASM Disklerimizin Header bilgisini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komut ile sorgulayabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# kfed read \/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/DATA1<\/span>\r\n\r\nkfbh.endian:                          1 ; 0x000: 0x01<\/span>\r\nkfbh.hard:                          130 ; 0x001: 0x82<\/span>\r\nkfbh.type:                            1 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_DISKHEAD<\/span>\r\nkfbh.datfmt:                          1 ; 0x003: 0x01<\/span>\r\nkfbh.block.blk:                       0 ; 0x004: blk=0<\/span>\r\nkfbh.block.obj:              2147483648 ; 0x008: disk=0<\/span>\r\nkfbh.check:                  2311714318 ; 0x00c: 0x89c9f60e<\/span>\r\nkfbh.fcn.base:                        0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfbh.fcn.wrap:                        0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfbh.spare1:                          0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfbh.spare2:                          0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.driver.provstr:    ORCLDISKDATA1 ; 0x000: length=13<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.driver.reserved[0]:   1096040772 ; 0x008: 0x41544144<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.driver.reserved[1]:           49 ; 0x00c: 0x00000031<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.driver.reserved[2]:            0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.driver.reserved[3]:            0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.driver.reserved[4]:            0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.driver.reserved[5]:            0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.compat:                186646528 ; 0x020: 0x0b200000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.dsknum:                        0 ; 0x024: 0x0000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.grptyp:                        1 ; 0x026: KFDGTP_EXTERNAL<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.hdrsts:                        3 ; 0x027: KFDHDR_MEMBER<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.dskname:               DATA_0000 ; 0x028: length=9<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.grpname:                    DATA ; 0x048: length=4<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.fgname:                DATA_0000 ; 0x068: length=9<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.capname:                         ; 0x088: length=0<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.crestmp.hi:             32985012 ; 0x0a8: <\/span>HOUR=0x14 DAYS=0x1d MNTH=0x3 YEAR=0x7dd<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.crestmp.lo:           2698947584 ; 0x0ac: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x3ab SECS=0xd MINS=0x28<\/span><\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.mntstmp.hi:             32986742 ; 0x0b0: HOUR=0x16 DAYS=0x13 MNTH=0x5 YEAR=0x7dd<\/span><\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.mntstmp.lo:            470566912 ; 0x0b4: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x312 SECS=0x0 MINS=0x7<\/span><\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.secsize:                     512 ; 0x0b8: 0x0200<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.blksize:                    4096 ; 0x0ba: 0x1000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ausize:                  1048576 ; 0x0bc: 0x00100000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.mfact:                    113792 ; 0x0c0: 0x0001bc80<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.dsksize:                   10236 ; 0x0c4: 0x000027fc<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.pmcnt:                         2 ; 0x0c8: 0x00000002<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.fstlocn:                       1 ; 0x0cc: 0x00000001<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.altlocn:                       2 ; 0x0d0: 0x00000002<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.f1b1locn:                      2 ; 0x0d4: 0x00000002<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.redomirrors[0]:                0 ; 0x0d8: 0x0000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.redomirrors[1]:                0 ; 0x0da: 0x0000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.redomirrors[2]:                0 ; 0x0dc: 0x0000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.redomirrors[3]:                0 ; 0x0de: 0x0000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.dbcompat:              168820736 ; 0x0e0: 0x0a100000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.grpstmp.hi:             32985012 ; 0x0e4: HOUR=0x14 DAYS=0x1d MNTH=0x3 YEAR=0x7dd<\/span><\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.grpstmp.lo:           2698855424 ; 0x0e8: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x351 SECS=0xd MINS=0x28<\/span><\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.vfstart:                     192 ; 0x0ec: 0x000000c0<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.vfend:                       224 ; 0x0f0: 0x000000e0<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.spfile:                       29 ; 0x0f4: 0x0000001d<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.spfflg:                        1 ; 0x0f8: 0x00000001<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[0]:                   0 ; 0x0fc: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[1]:                   0 ; 0x100: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[2]:                   0 ; 0x104: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[3]:                   0 ; 0x108: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[4]:                   0 ; 0x10c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[5]:                   0 ; 0x110: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[6]:                   0 ; 0x114: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[7]:                   0 ; 0x118: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[8]:                   0 ; 0x11c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[9]:                   0 ; 0x120: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[10]:                  0 ; 0x124: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[11]:                  0 ; 0x128: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[12]:                  0 ; 0x12c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[13]:                  0 ; 0x130: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[14]:                  0 ; 0x134: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[15]:                  0 ; 0x138: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[16]:                  0 ; 0x13c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[17]:                  0 ; 0x140: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[18]:                  0 ; 0x144: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[19]:                  0 ; 0x148: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[20]:                  0 ; 0x14c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[21]:                  0 ; 0x150: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[22]:                  0 ; 0x154: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[23]:                  0 ; 0x158: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[24]:                  0 ; 0x15c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[25]:                  0 ; 0x160: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[26]:                  0 ; 0x164: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[27]:                  0 ; 0x168: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[28]:                  0 ; 0x16c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[29]:                  0 ; 0x170: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[30]:                  0 ; 0x174: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[31]:                  0 ; 0x178: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[32]:                  0 ; 0x17c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[33]:                  0 ; 0x180: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[34]:                  0 ; 0x184: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[35]:                  0 ; 0x188: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[36]:                  0 ; 0x18c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[37]:                  0 ; 0x190: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[38]:                  0 ; 0x194: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[39]:                  0 ; 0x198: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[40]:                  0 ; 0x19c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[41]:                  0 ; 0x1a0: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[42]:                  0 ; 0x1a4: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[43]:                  0 ; 0x1a8: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[44]:                  0 ; 0x1ac: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[45]:                  0 ; 0x1b0: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[46]:                  0 ; 0x1b4: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[47]:                  0 ; 0x1b8: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[48]:                  0 ; 0x1bc: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[49]:                  0 ; 0x1c0: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[50]:                  0 ; 0x1c4: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[51]:                  0 ; 0x1c8: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[52]:                  0 ; 0x1cc: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[53]:                  0 ; 0x1d0: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.acdb.aba.seq:                  0 ; 0x1d4: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.acdb.aba.blk:                  0 ; 0x1d8: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.acdb.ents:                     0 ; 0x1dc: 0x0000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.acdb.ub2spare:                 0 ; 0x1de: 0x0000<\/span><\/pre>\n
2. ASM Disklerimizin yede\u011fini alma ve ASM Disklerimizin bozulan header bilgisini onarma i\u015flemini inceleyelim.<\/span><\/p>\n
-- ASM Disklerimizin header yede\u011fini almak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu kullanabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# dd if=\/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/DATA1 of=\/u01\/backups\/asmdata1_bkp.dd bs=1M count=10<\/span>\r\n\r\n10+0 records in<\/span>\r\n10+0 records out<\/span>\r\n10485760 bytes (10 MB) copied, 0.220746 s, 47.5 MB\/s<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- ASM Disklerimizin hangisinde sorun oldu\u011funu kontrol etmek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu\r\nkullanabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# kfod status=TRUE asm_diskstring='\/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/*' disk=all dscvgroup=TRUE<\/span>\r\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------<\/span>\r\n Disk          Size Header    Path                        Disk Group   User    Group<\/span>\r\n=====================================================================<\/span>\r\n   1:      10236 Mb CANDIDATE \/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/DATA1  #            oracle   dba<\/span>\r\n   2:      10236 Mb MEMBER    \/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/DATA2  DATA         oracle   dba<\/span>\r\n   3:      10236 Mb MEMBER    \/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/FRA1   FRA          oracle   dba<\/span>\r\n   4:      10236 Mb MEMBER    \/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/FRA2   FRA          oracle   dba<\/span>\r\n\r\nG\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz gibi \"DATA1\" diskimiz \"CANDIDATE\" durumda ve header bilgisi bozulmu\u015f.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- ASM Disklerimizin Header bilgisini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komut ile sorgulayabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# kfed read \/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/DATA1<\/span>\r\n\r\nkfbh.endian:                          0 ; 0x000: 0x00<\/span>\r\nkfbh.hard:                            0 ; 0x001: 0x00<\/span>\r\nkfbh.type:                            0 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_INVALID<\/span>\r\nkfbh.datfmt:                          0 ; 0x003: 0x00<\/span>\r\nkfbh.block.blk:                       0 ; 0x004: blk=0<\/span>\r\nkfbh.block.obj:                       0 ; 0x008: file=0<\/span>\r\nkfbh.check:                           0 ; 0x00c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfbh.fcn.base:                        0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfbh.fcn.wrap:                        0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfbh.spare1:                          0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfbh.spare2:                          0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\n7F5985386400 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000  [................]<\/span>\r\n  Repeat 255 times<\/span>\r\n\r\nG\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz gibi header bilgisi bozuk durumda.<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Bozulan diskimizin au (Allocation Unit) boyutunu bulmak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu\r\nkullanabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# kfed read \/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/DATA1 | grep ausize<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- Bozulan diskimizin header bilgisini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komut ile onarabiliriz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# kfed repair \/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/DATA1 aus=1048576<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- ASM Disklerimizi yeniden sorgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda \"CANDIDATE\" durumda olan diskimizin\r\n\"MEMBER\" duruma ge\u00e7ti\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# kfod status=TRUE asm_diskstring='\/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/*' disk=all dscvgroup=TRUE<\/span>\r\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------<\/span>\r\n Disk          Size Header    Path                        Disk Group   User    Group<\/span>\r\n=====================================================================<\/span>\r\n   1:      10236 Mb MEMBER    \/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/DATA1  DATA         oracle   dba<\/span>\r\n   2:      10236 Mb MEMBER    \/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/DATA2  DATA         oracle   dba<\/span>\r\n   3:      10236 Mb MEMBER    \/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/FRA1   FRA          oracle   dba<\/span>\r\n   4:      10236 Mb MEMBER    \/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/FRA2   FRA          oracle   dba<\/span>\r\n\r\n-- ASM Disklerimizin Header bilgisini sorgulad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda normal duruma geldi\u011fini\r\ng\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/span>\r\n\r\n# kfed read \/dev\/oracleasm\/disks\/DATA1<\/span>\r\n\r\nkfbh.endian:                          1 ; 0x000: 0x01<\/span>\r\nkfbh.hard:                          130 ; 0x001: 0x82<\/span>\r\nkfbh.type:                            1 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_DISKHEAD<\/span>\r\nkfbh.datfmt:                          1 ; 0x003: 0x01<\/span>\r\nkfbh.block.blk:                       0 ; 0x004: blk=0<\/span>\r\nkfbh.block.obj:              2147483648 ; 0x008: disk=0<\/span>\r\nkfbh.check:                  2311714318 ; 0x00c: 0x89c9f60e<\/span>\r\nkfbh.fcn.base:                        0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfbh.fcn.wrap:                        0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfbh.spare1:                          0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfbh.spare2:                          0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.driver.provstr:    ORCLDISKDATA1 ; 0x000: length=13<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.driver.reserved[0]:   1096040772 ; 0x008: 0x41544144<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.driver.reserved[1]:           49 ; 0x00c: 0x00000031<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.driver.reserved[2]:            0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.driver.reserved[3]:            0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.driver.reserved[4]:            0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.driver.reserved[5]:            0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.compat:                186646528 ; 0x020: 0x0b200000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.dsknum:                        0 ; 0x024: 0x0000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.grptyp:                        1 ; 0x026: KFDGTP_EXTERNAL<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.hdrsts:                        3 ; 0x027: KFDHDR_MEMBER<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.dskname:               DATA_0000 ; 0x028: length=9<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.grpname:                    DATA ; 0x048: length=4<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.fgname:                DATA_0000 ; 0x068: length=9<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.capname:                         ; 0x088: length=0<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.crestmp.hi:             32985012 ; 0x0a8: HOUR=0x14 DAYS=0x1d MNTH=0x3 YEAR=0x7dd<\/span><\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.crestmp.lo:           2698947584 ; 0x0ac: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x3ab SECS=0xd MINS=0x28<\/span><\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.mntstmp.hi:             32986742 ; 0x0b0: HOUR=0x16 DAYS=0x13 MNTH=0x5 YEAR=0x7dd<\/span><\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.mntstmp.lo:            470566912 ; 0x0b4: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x312 SECS=0x0 MINS=0x7<\/span><\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.secsize:                     512 ; 0x0b8: 0x0200<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.blksize:                    4096 ; 0x0ba: 0x1000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ausize:                  1048576 ; 0x0bc: 0x00100000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.mfact:                    113792 ; 0x0c0: 0x0001bc80<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.dsksize:                   10236 ; 0x0c4: 0x000027fc<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.pmcnt:                         2 ; 0x0c8: 0x00000002<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.fstlocn:                       1 ; 0x0cc: 0x00000001<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.altlocn:                       2 ; 0x0d0: 0x00000002<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.f1b1locn:                      2 ; 0x0d4: 0x00000002<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.redomirrors[0]:                0 ; 0x0d8: 0x0000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.redomirrors[1]:                0 ; 0x0da: 0x0000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.redomirrors[2]:                0 ; 0x0dc: 0x0000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.redomirrors[3]:                0 ; 0x0de: 0x0000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.dbcompat:              168820736 ; 0x0e0: 0x0a100000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.grpstmp.hi:             32985012 ; 0x0e4: HOUR=0x14 DAYS=0x1d MNTH=0x3 YEAR=0x7dd<\/span><\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.grpstmp.lo:           2698855424 ; 0x0e8: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x351 SECS=0xd MINS=0x28<\/span><\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.vfstart:                     192 ; 0x0ec: 0x000000c0<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.vfend:                       224 ; 0x0f0: 0x000000e0<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.spfile:                       29 ; 0x0f4: 0x0000001d<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.spfflg:                        1 ; 0x0f8: 0x00000001<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[0]:                   0 ; 0x0fc: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[1]:                   0 ; 0x100: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[2]:                   0 ; 0x104: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[3]:                   0 ; 0x108: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[4]:                   0 ; 0x10c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[5]:                   0 ; 0x110: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[6]:                   0 ; 0x114: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[7]:                   0 ; 0x118: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[8]:                   0 ; 0x11c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[9]:                   0 ; 0x120: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[10]:                  0 ; 0x124: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[11]:                  0 ; 0x128: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[12]:                  0 ; 0x12c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[13]:                  0 ; 0x130: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[14]:                  0 ; 0x134: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[15]:                  0 ; 0x138: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[16]:                  0 ; 0x13c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[17]:                  0 ; 0x140: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[18]:                  0 ; 0x144: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[19]:                  0 ; 0x148: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[20]:                  0 ; 0x14c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[21]:                  0 ; 0x150: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[22]:                  0 ; 0x154: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[23]:                  0 ; 0x158: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[24]:                  0 ; 0x15c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[25]:                  0 ; 0x160: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[26]:                  0 ; 0x164: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[27]:                  0 ; 0x168: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[28]:                  0 ; 0x16c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[29]:                  0 ; 0x170: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[30]:                  0 ; 0x174: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[31]:                  0 ; 0x178: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[32]:                  0 ; 0x17c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[33]:                  0 ; 0x180: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[34]:                  0 ; 0x184: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[35]:                  0 ; 0x188: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[36]:                  0 ; 0x18c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[37]:                  0 ; 0x190: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[38]:                  0 ; 0x194: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[39]:                  0 ; 0x198: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[40]:                  0 ; 0x19c: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[41]:                  0 ; 0x1a0: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[42]:                  0 ; 0x1a4: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[43]:                  0 ; 0x1a8: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[44]:                  0 ; 0x1ac: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[45]:                  0 ; 0x1b0: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[46]:                  0 ; 0x1b4: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[47]:                  0 ; 0x1b8: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[48]:                  0 ; 0x1bc: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[49]:                  0 ; 0x1c0: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[50]:                  0 ; 0x1c4: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[51]:                  0 ; 0x1c8: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[52]:                  0 ; 0x1cc: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.ub4spare[53]:                  0 ; 0x1d0: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.acdb.aba.seq:                  0 ; 0x1d4: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.acdb.aba.blk:                  0 ; 0x1d8: 0x00000000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.acdb.ents:                     0 ; 0x1dc: 0x0000<\/span>\r\nkfdhdb.acdb.ub2spare:                 0 ; 0x1de: 0x0000<\/span><\/pre>\n
Bu makalemizde Linux ve Oracle i\u00e7in disk yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 inceledik. Buradaki i\u015flemler kurulum s\u0131ras\u0131nda veya kullan\u0131lan sistemlerde disk atamalar\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7ok i\u015fimize yarayacakt\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle Unix i\u015fletim sistemlerinde “mknod” ile disk e\u015fitleme i\u015flemi kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za s\u0131k \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Ayr\u0131ca ASM Disklerimizde Oracle taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan “kfed” arac\u0131 ile “header” bilgisi okuma, onarma vb. i\u015flemleri yapabiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n
Ba\u015fka bir makalede g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmek \u00fczere\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bu makalemizde “Linux \u0130\u015fletim Sistemlerinde Disk Header ve ASM Header Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131”n\u0131 inceleyece\u011fiz. Bu i\u015flemler bize \u00f6zellikle “SAN” (Storage Area Network) ortam\u0131ndan atanm\u0131\u015f diskleri tespit etmede veya sistemimizde bulunan disklerin imaj\u0131n\u0131 alma gibi uygulamalar\u0131 yapmam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Oracle taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lan ASM … Okumaya devam et →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10,8],"tags":[329,327,328,330,331,336,326,21,290,20,19,323,322,318,145,319,321,324,320,325],"class_list":["post-3437","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-oracle","category-unix-linux","tag-asm-header-okuma","tag-asm-header-onarma","tag-asm-header-repair","tag-asm-kfed-read","tag-asm-kfed-repair","tag-asm-kfod","tag-disk-header-ve-asm-disk-header","tag-h-koray-gunduz","tag-halil-koray-gunduz","tag-koray-gunduz","tag-koraykey","tag-linux-dd-komutu","tag-linux-disk-header-islemleri","tag-linux-disk-header-okuma","tag-linux-disk-header-silme","tag-linux-disk-header-yazdirma","tag-linux-mknod-disk-ayarlamasi","tag-linux-mknod-komutu","tag-linux-mknod-kullanimi","tag-linux-od-komutu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3437","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3437"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3437\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3437"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3437"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.koraykey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3437"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}